Difference between revisions of "Chambeyronia macrocarpa"

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{{Palmbox
 
{{Palmbox
|image=
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|image=4188747109_52059cea3c_o.jpg
|image_caption=
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|image_caption=New Caledonia. Photo by Bryan.
|genus=Chamberonya
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|genus=Chamberonya <br>(kam-beh-ROH-nee-ah)
|species=macrocarpa
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|species=<br>macrocarpa (mak-roh-KAR-pah)
 
|subspecies=
 
|subspecies=
 
|cultivar=
 
|cultivar=
 
|synonyms=
 
|synonyms=
 
|continent=oceania
 
|continent=oceania
|habit= Solitary
+
|habit=Solitary
|leaf_type=
+
|leaf_sheath=Enveloping, forming crownshaft
 +
|inflorescense=infrafoliar
 +
|leaf_type=Pinnate
 
|height=
 
|height=
 
|trunk_diameter=
 
|trunk_diameter=
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|watering=
 
|watering=
 
|soil_type= Well drained.
 
|soil_type= Well drained.
|hardiness=
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|hardiness=10a
|common_names=
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|common_names=Flame Thrower
 
}}
 
}}
 +
==Habitat and Distribution==
 +
''C. macrocarpa'' is endemic to the mid-elevations of the New Caledonian rain forest [[image:4370307414_eb7e62020a_o.jpg|thumb|left|500px|Near Bourail, New Caledonia. Photo by Bryan]]from 2,000-3,000 ft/610-900m. On ultramafic substrate vulcano-sedimentary (shale).
 +
==Description==
 +
A feather solitary palm to about 20-25 ft, with a spectacular, bright red new leaf, which stays red for up to 10 days. The leaflets are also very wide, thick, and shiny, so even without a new leaf it is very distinctive, with very fat and thick pinnate leaves, 10-12 feet long. Easy to grow. This is a must have in the garden.
  
[[Image:DoubleCham.jpg|thumb|350px|left|Kona - Big Island, Hawaii]]
+
Chambeyronia macrocarpa and comes from New Caledonia. The luscious island of New Caledonia is east of Australia and north of New Zealand. On this island you will find extraordinary primitive plants including the Flamethrower which dates back to the Mesozoic Era, when dinosaurs roamed the planet. The Flame Thrower is considered cold hardy. They can resist temperatures down to 25 degrees F. The Flame Thrower Palm is a large, robust palm that has pinnate palm with broad leaflets. Their leaves are deep shade of green re-curving and drastically arching leaves. It has a swollen crownshaft which makes it very appealing sitting above the beautifully ringed trunk. The leaves are dark green and leathery in touch and appearance when mature. The Flame Thrower Palm is very easy to care after. These exotic and rare cold hardy palms thrive in a well-drained, moist climate with full sun to light shade. It is also know as the blushing Palm, Watermelon Palm, Red Feather Palm, and Red Leaf Palm. It also has one new emerged leaf that will be red to maroon in color but will fade after 2 weeks. This rare palm tree is a slow growing palm tree with a maximum average height of about 15-20 ft. This palm tree will have any person in awe with its beauty. The Flame Thrower Palm is a wonderful specimen to have whether it is in your home, office, or landscape.
[[Image:Chambeyronia huge.jpg|thumb|Hawaii]]
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[[Image:Chambeyronia macrocarpa seed Waimea.jpg|thumb|Seed-Waimea, Hawaii]]
+
[[Image:ChamLeaf.jpg|thumb|Just opening C.'hookeri']]
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[[Image:Cham macro tr.jpg|thumb|C. 'Watermelon']]
+
  
==Habitat and Distribution==
+
*The "green form," with a dark solid green crownshaft, are the most common of the forms.
''C. macrocarpa'' is endemic to the mid-elevations of the New Caledonian rain forest from 2,000-3,000 ft/610-900m.
+
  
==Description==
 
Any description of this palm would have to begin with its propensity to exhibit a brightly colored red new leaf. When any new palm enthusiast first sees this newly opening red leaf, it instantly becomes one of the select "must have" palms. While a good majority of these palms throw the red leaf, some do not, including most very young plants. Similar to many other New Caledonia palms, this only carries 6-10 fronds at a time. Yet with the very wide leaflets and the graceful curve of the rachis, the overall outline is most pleasing and an excellent candidate for a solitary or group statement. It is morphologically diverse with at least 4 variations considered and treated as different species by hobbyists.
 
*The "green form," with a dark solid green crownshaft, and the most common of the forms.
 
 
*The "yellow form," or [[C._macrocarpa_%27Hookeri%27|''C.hookeri'']], with a yellow crownshaft and the color extending up into the petioles. Observations have been consistent that this form has the most vivid and highest percentage of red leafs.  This form is sometimes referred to as the "blond flamethrower".
 
*The "yellow form," or [[C._macrocarpa_%27Hookeri%27|''C.hookeri'']], with a yellow crownshaft and the color extending up into the petioles. Observations have been consistent that this form has the most vivid and highest percentage of red leafs.  This form is sometimes referred to as the "blond flamethrower".
 +
 
*The "[[C._macrocarpa_%27watermelon%27|watermelon form,]]" with the yellow and green streaked appearence of some watermelons in its crownshaft. It has been discussed that this may be the result of cross pollination between the green and yellow forms.
 
*The "[[C._macrocarpa_%27watermelon%27|watermelon form,]]" with the yellow and green streaked appearence of some watermelons in its crownshaft. It has been discussed that this may be the result of cross pollination between the green and yellow forms.
*''C. houailou'', which is distinguished by the entire unsegmented leaves it carries as a juvenile, and the exaggerated recurve to the fronds as an adult. It appears to almost never have the new red leaf characteristic of the other forms.
 
There is supposedly another exceptionally robust variety with a crownshaft covered in white tomentum.
 
  
 +
*''C. houailou'', which is distinguished by the entire unsegmented leaves it carries as a juvenile, and the exaggerated recurve to the fronds as an adult. It appears to almost never have the new red leaf characteristic of the other forms.
 +
There is supposedly another exceptionally robust variety with a crownshaft covered in white tomentum.
 
==Culture==
 
==Culture==
 
This palm has become very popular and successful in warm temperate locations, belying its existence as a warm rain forest palm. As a fast grower in the tropics, it still maintains a good growth rate in warmer temperate locations. Intolerant of hot dry conditions, it is well suited to conditons such as those in coastal Southern California if given the prerequisite rich well draining soil.
 
This palm has become very popular and successful in warm temperate locations, belying its existence as a warm rain forest palm. As a fast grower in the tropics, it still maintains a good growth rate in warmer temperate locations. Intolerant of hot dry conditions, it is well suited to conditons such as those in coastal Southern California if given the prerequisite rich well draining soil.
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These palms are not bothered much by pests, though scale and whitefly can be a problem.  Most of the time, ladybugs and other weapons in Mother Nature's arsenal will keep bad bugs at bay.
 
These palms are not bothered much by pests, though scale and whitefly can be a problem.  Most of the time, ladybugs and other weapons in Mother Nature's arsenal will keep bad bugs at bay.
 
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<center>
==Curiosities==
+
[[{{PFC}}http://www.palmpedia.net/palmsforcal/index.php5/Chambeyronia_macrocarpa]]
 +
</center>
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==Comments and Curiosities==
 
As the national tree of New Caledonia, it becomes obvious why, when one is on approach to that country's airport. This gorgeous tall emergent species can be seen poking its head above the forest, and becomes especially visible while sporting its trademark new leaf.  After observing many cultivated Chambeyronia macrocarpa in private and public gardens, one begins to notice how variable this species is.  Leaflet width varies greatly, as does the sheen, from glossy to matte finish, as well as different colorations on the crownshaft and petioles.
 
As the national tree of New Caledonia, it becomes obvious why, when one is on approach to that country's airport. This gorgeous tall emergent species can be seen poking its head above the forest, and becomes especially visible while sporting its trademark new leaf.  After observing many cultivated Chambeyronia macrocarpa in private and public gardens, one begins to notice how variable this species is.  Leaflet width varies greatly, as does the sheen, from glossy to matte finish, as well as different colorations on the crownshaft and petioles.
 +
 +
Flowers/Fruits: It produces stalks of small purple flowers that comes from below the crownshaft.  Inflorescence is branched. Flowers are followed by small round  berrylike green fruits that turn red when ripe.
 +
 +
Growth Rate: Slow. This slow growing palm can get up to 10 – 20 ft tall and 15-20 ft wide.
 +
 +
Outdoor/Indoor Use: Both.
 +
 +
Cold Tolerance: Flame Thrower Palm can resist temperatures down to 20F when mature enough. It is great for growing in USDA Zones 9a (20 to 25 F) to 11 (above 40 F).
 +
 +
Light Req: Full sun to partial shade. It likes full sun but can also grow in partial shade.
 +
 +
Water Req:Moderate. It does best in moist well drained soil.
 +
 +
Maintenance: Easy. To prevent nutritional deficiency, apply good quality palm fertilizer that has continuous release formula twice a year during growing season.
 +
 +
Propagation: Propagated by seed.
 +
 +
<br style="clear:both;"/>
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{{#Widget:AdResban}}
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<center><gallery caption="IMAGE GALLERY" perrow="" widths="" heights="">
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Image:DoubleCham.jpg|Kona - Big Island, Hawaii.
 +
Image:Chambeyronia huge.jpg|Hawaii.
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File:jose chambie.JPG|Resistencia- Chaco Argentina. Proffessor Jose A. Grassia giving scale.
 +
Image:Chambeyronia macrocarpa seed Waimea.jpg|Seed-Waimea, Hawaii.
 +
image:Chambmac0001z.jpg|Location:Vallée de Katricoin, Méorie.
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image:Chambmac0002z.jpg|Location:Col d'Amieu.
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image:Chambmac0003z.jpg|Location:Ponérihouen.
 +
image:Chambmac0004z.jpg|Location:Col d'Amieu.
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image:Chambmac0005z.jpg|Location:Vallée de Kua.
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image:Chambmac0006z.jpg|Location:Nodéla.
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image:Chambmac0007z.jpg|Location:Troulala.
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image:Chambmac0008.jpg|Forêt plate, (flat forest).
 +
image:Chambmac0009z.jpg|Location:Boghen. Palmier à 3 têtes, (three headed palm.).
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image:Chambmac0010z.jpg|Location:Vallée de Katricoin.
 +
image:Chambmac0011.jpg|Location:Gohapin.
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image:Chambmac0012z.jpg|Location: Ponérihouen.
 +
image:Chambmac0013.jpg
 +
image:Chambmac0014z.jpg|Location:Monts Koghis. Alt. 500 m.
 +
image:Chambmac0015z.jpg
 +
image:Chambmac0016z.jpg
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image:Chambmac0017z.jpg|Location:Gohapin.
 +
image:Chambmac0018z.jpg|Location:Gohapin.
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image:Chambmac0019z.jpg|Location:Gohapin.
 +
image:2993z.jpg
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image:Chambeyronia_macrocarpa_formz.jpg
 +
image:Chambeyronia_macrocarpa001z.jpg
 +
image:Chambeyronia_macrocarpa2z.jpg
 +
image:ChambeyroniaMacrocarpaFruit.jpg
 +
image:Chambeyronia-macrocarpa-Ker.jpg
 +
image:ChambeyroniamacrocarpfoliageaJPG.JPG
 +
image:Macrocarpa02z.jpg|Sydney, Australia. Photo by Ian Edwards
 +
image:Macrocarpa04z.jpg|Photo by Jason Skelly
 +
image:Macrocarpa05z.jpg|Photo by Jason Skelly
 +
image:Macrocarpa11z.jpg|Sydney, Australia. Photo by Ian Edwards
 +
image:Chambmac00024.jpg
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image:Chambmac0025z.jpg
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image:Chambmac0026z.jpg
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image:Chambmac0027z.jpg
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image:Chambeyronia_macrocarpa_craftz.jpg|Former Sullivan Garden, Hawaii, photo by Paul Craft
 +
image:Chambeyronia_-_Humannz.jpg|Paul Humann's garden, Ft. Lauderdale, FL, photo by Paul Humann
 +
image:4188747109_52059cea3c_o.jpg|New Caledonia. Photo by Bryan, edric.
 +
image:4325332454_278eeeb290_o.jpg|Juvenile Chambeyronia macrocarpa, near Bourail, New Caledonia. Photo by Bryan
 +
image:4370307414_eb7e62020a_o.jpg|Near Bourail, New Caledonia. Photo by Bryan
 +
image:GBPIX_photo_178463z.jpg|New Caledonia, Photo by Ben
 +
image:GBPIX_photo_502455z.jpg|New Caledonia, Photo by Ben
 +
image:GBPIX_photo_502456z.jpg|New Caledonia, Photo by Ben
 +
image:1Chambeyronia_macrocarpa0.jpg|Hawaiian Tropical Botanical Garden.
 +
image:DtDSCN7770.jpg|D. tokoravina on left, C. macrocarpa on right. Mt Warning Caldera Nth NSW Australia. Photo by Pete
 +
image:Chambeyronia-macrocarpa-2.jpg|In habitat. Photo-Rare Palm Seeds.com
 +
File:post-7381-0-22367800-1436664615.jpg|Brisbane Botanic Gardens, Mount Coot-tha, Brisbane, Australia. Photo by Paul Latzias.
 +
image:6df61f3b-ec5d-43ed-aa66-da0c4b0b9103z.jpg|Mount Pomii. Alt. 500 m, New Caledonia. Photo by Dr. Jean-Christophe Pintaud/Palmweb.
 +
 +
File:cm3986033177.JPG|Imagetext: Charlie Beck.
 +
</gallery></center>
 +
==External Links==
 +
*[http://eunops.org/content/glossary-palm-terms Glossary of Palm Terms]
 +
*[http://www.calflora.net/botanicalnames/pronunciation.html MODERN BOTANICAL LATIN]
 +
*[http://www.jlhudsonseeds.net/Pronunciation.htm "Just To Be Clear"]
 +
*http://www.palmbeachpalmcycadsociety.com/palms/documents/ChambeyroniaMacrocarpa.pdf
 +
*http://nzpalmandcycad.com/?pg=96
 +
*http://southeastgarden.com/new-caledonia.html
 +
*[http://www.flickriver.com/photos/morabeza79/sets/72157594455840082/ New Caledonia photos in habitat.]
 +
==References==
 +
Phonetic spelling of Latin names by edric.
 +
 +
Special thanks to Geoff Stein, (Palmbob) for his hundreds of photos.
 +
 +
Special thanks to [http://palmweb.org/?q=node/2 Palmweb.org], Dr. John Dransfield, Dr. Bill Baker & team, for their volumes of information and photos.
 +
 +
Glossary of Palm Terms; Based on the glossary in Dransfield, J., N.W. Uhl, C.B. Asmussen-Lange, W.J. Baker, M.M. Harley & C.E. Lewis. 2008. Genera Palmarum - Evolution and Classification of the Palms. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. All images copyright of the artists and photographers (see images for credits).
 +
 +
{{SpeciesListBackLink}}
 +
[[Category:Palms of New Caledonia]]
 
[[Category:CHAMBEYRONIA|macrocarpa]]
 
[[Category:CHAMBEYRONIA|macrocarpa]]

Latest revision as of 22:47, 14 July 2017

Chamberonya
(kam-beh-ROH-nee-ah)
macrocarpa (mak-roh-KAR-pah)
4188747109 52059cea3c o.jpg
New Caledonia. Photo by Bryan.
Scientific Classification
Genus: Chamberonya
(kam-beh-ROH-nee-ah)
Species:
macrocarpa (mak-roh-KAR-pah)
Synonyms
None set.
Native Continent
Oceania
Oceania.gif
Morphology
Habit: Solitary
Leaf type: Pinnate
Culture
Soil type: Well drained.
Survivability index
Common names
Flame Thrower

Habitat and Distribution

C. macrocarpa is endemic to the mid-elevations of the New Caledonian rain forest
Near Bourail, New Caledonia. Photo by Bryan
from 2,000-3,000 ft/610-900m. On ultramafic substrate vulcano-sedimentary (shale).

Description

A feather solitary palm to about 20-25 ft, with a spectacular, bright red new leaf, which stays red for up to 10 days. The leaflets are also very wide, thick, and shiny, so even without a new leaf it is very distinctive, with very fat and thick pinnate leaves, 10-12 feet long. Easy to grow. This is a must have in the garden.

Chambeyronia macrocarpa and comes from New Caledonia. The luscious island of New Caledonia is east of Australia and north of New Zealand. On this island you will find extraordinary primitive plants including the Flamethrower which dates back to the Mesozoic Era, when dinosaurs roamed the planet. The Flame Thrower is considered cold hardy. They can resist temperatures down to 25 degrees F. The Flame Thrower Palm is a large, robust palm that has pinnate palm with broad leaflets. Their leaves are deep shade of green re-curving and drastically arching leaves. It has a swollen crownshaft which makes it very appealing sitting above the beautifully ringed trunk. The leaves are dark green and leathery in touch and appearance when mature. The Flame Thrower Palm is very easy to care after. These exotic and rare cold hardy palms thrive in a well-drained, moist climate with full sun to light shade. It is also know as the blushing Palm, Watermelon Palm, Red Feather Palm, and Red Leaf Palm. It also has one new emerged leaf that will be red to maroon in color but will fade after 2 weeks. This rare palm tree is a slow growing palm tree with a maximum average height of about 15-20 ft. This palm tree will have any person in awe with its beauty. The Flame Thrower Palm is a wonderful specimen to have whether it is in your home, office, or landscape.

  • The "green form," with a dark solid green crownshaft, are the most common of the forms.
  • The "yellow form," or C.hookeri, with a yellow crownshaft and the color extending up into the petioles. Observations have been consistent that this form has the most vivid and highest percentage of red leafs. This form is sometimes referred to as the "blond flamethrower".
  • The "watermelon form," with the yellow and green streaked appearence of some watermelons in its crownshaft. It has been discussed that this may be the result of cross pollination between the green and yellow forms.
  • C. houailou, which is distinguished by the entire unsegmented leaves it carries as a juvenile, and the exaggerated recurve to the fronds as an adult. It appears to almost never have the new red leaf characteristic of the other forms.

There is supposedly another exceptionally robust variety with a crownshaft covered in white tomentum.

Culture

This palm has become very popular and successful in warm temperate locations, belying its existence as a warm rain forest palm. As a fast grower in the tropics, it still maintains a good growth rate in warmer temperate locations. Intolerant of hot dry conditions, it is well suited to conditons such as those in coastal Southern California if given the prerequisite rich well draining soil.

In Southern California, these palms do best with some shade; the further inland from the sea (or ocean influence) they more shade they like. However, they will also take full sun in areas along the coast, or with heavy coastal influence (e.g., Whittier, Camarillo, Beverly Hills, Santa Ana, La Mesa) if they're watered frequently. In full sun, they should be watered every two or three days at half or one-third the water to be given in a week.

These palms are not bothered much by pests, though scale and whitefly can be a problem. Most of the time, ladybugs and other weapons in Mother Nature's arsenal will keep bad bugs at bay.

PFC for PP.png

Comments and Curiosities

As the national tree of New Caledonia, it becomes obvious why, when one is on approach to that country's airport. This gorgeous tall emergent species can be seen poking its head above the forest, and becomes especially visible while sporting its trademark new leaf. After observing many cultivated Chambeyronia macrocarpa in private and public gardens, one begins to notice how variable this species is. Leaflet width varies greatly, as does the sheen, from glossy to matte finish, as well as different colorations on the crownshaft and petioles.

Flowers/Fruits: It produces stalks of small purple flowers that comes from below the crownshaft. Inflorescence is branched. Flowers are followed by small round berrylike green fruits that turn red when ripe.

Growth Rate: Slow. This slow growing palm can get up to 10 – 20 ft tall and 15-20 ft wide.

Outdoor/Indoor Use: Both.

Cold Tolerance: Flame Thrower Palm can resist temperatures down to 20F when mature enough. It is great for growing in USDA Zones 9a (20 to 25 F) to 11 (above 40 F).

Light Req: Full sun to partial shade. It likes full sun but can also grow in partial shade.

Water Req:Moderate. It does best in moist well drained soil.

Maintenance: Easy. To prevent nutritional deficiency, apply good quality palm fertilizer that has continuous release formula twice a year during growing season.

Propagation: Propagated by seed.



External Links

References

Phonetic spelling of Latin names by edric.

Special thanks to Geoff Stein, (Palmbob) for his hundreds of photos.

Special thanks to Palmweb.org, Dr. John Dransfield, Dr. Bill Baker & team, for their volumes of information and photos.

Glossary of Palm Terms; Based on the glossary in Dransfield, J., N.W. Uhl, C.B. Asmussen-Lange, W.J. Baker, M.M. Harley & C.E. Lewis. 2008. Genera Palmarum - Evolution and Classification of the Palms. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. All images copyright of the artists and photographers (see images for credits).


Many Special Thanks to Ed Vaile for his long hours of tireless editing and numerous contributions.

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