Orania archboldiana

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Orania (oh-rahn-EE-ah)
archboldiana
(arch-bold'-ee-AHN-ah)
Oa2785408.jpg
Kikori, Papua New Guinea. Photo by Dr. William J. Baker, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew/Palmweb.
Scientific Classification
Genus: Orania (oh-rahn-EE-ah)
Species:
archboldiana
(arch-bold'-ee-AHN-ah)
Synonyms
None set.
Native Continent
Oceania
Oceania.gif
Morphology
Habit: Solitary
Leaf type: Pinnate
Culture
Survivability index
Common names
None.

Habitat and Distribution

Southern part of New Guinea, both Papua and Papua New Guinea. In Papua Orania archboldiana
Kikori, Papua New Guinea. Photo by Dr. William J. Baker, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew/Palmweb.
so far has only been collected from an area around Merauke, close to the border with the Western province of Papua New Guinea. In Papua New Guinea the species is found scattered in an area about latitude 6°10'S to 8°55'S and longitude 141°20'E to 144°13'E. On ridges in lowland tropical rainforest about 20 m above sea level. (A.P. Keim and J. Dransfield. 2012)/Palmweb.

Description

Small to medium palm. Trunk up to 15 m tall, about 6 - 10 cm in diam. near the crown. Leaves 6 - 10 in the crown, spirally arranged, about 2.7 - 3 m long; leaf-sheath about 22 - 30 cm long, 5 cm wide, adaxial surface glabrous, abaxial surface densely covered with redbrown tomentum, margin disintegrating into fibres; petiole 90 cm long; lamina about 1.6 - 2.25 m long, in middle part about 1.5 - 2 cm in diam.; leaflets elongate-lanceolate, regularly arranged, but held in more than one plane giving the whole leaf a plumose appearance, the proximal 3 leaflets crowded 1.5 - 2 cm distant in a group, otherwise about 4.5 cm distant in middle part of rachis, distance between 2 leaflets in the proximal part about 4.5 cm, otherwise about 1.5 - 2 cm distant in middle part of rachis, leaflets about 60 - 90 cm long, 3 - 4.7 cm wide, adaxial surface glabrous, except for sparse red-brown tomentum on the midrib, midrib thick, other ribs slender, glabrous, abaxial surface densely covered with white indumentum, redbrown tomentum on the margin and midrib, midrib massive, other ribs glabrous and slender. Inflorescence spreading, branching to 2 orders, about 90 - 133 cm long; prophyll persistent, disintegrating into fibres from top to base; peduncle about 30 - 45 cm long, covered with sparse red-brown tomentum; peduncular bract 1, woody, splitting in the middle, persistent, abaxially with sparse red-brown tomentum; rachis 60 - 88 cm long; first order branches about 60 - 70 cm long; rachillae slender, straight, not conspicuously zigzag, about 30 - 50 cm long, bearing 90 - 153 flower clusters, bearing distichously or subdistichously arranged triads in the proximal 3=4 and paired staminate flowers in the distal 1=4, the basal about 0.7 - 2.5 cm devoid of flowers, triads about 6 - 10 mm distant, rachilla surface glabrous. Staminate flowers with calyx of 3 united minute, scale-like sepals; corolla with 3 free petals, about 4 × 1 mm; stamens 6, filaments free, dark brown, about 0.75 mm long, anthers elongate-lanceolate, pale creamy-yellow, always free, about 3 mm long each; pistillodes absent. Pistillate flowers with calyx of 3 minute united sepals; corolla with 3 free petals, about 2 to 3 mm long, 1 - 2 mm wide; staminodes 6, about 1=3 - 1=2 as long as the gynoecium; gynoecium dark brown, about 1 - 1.5 mm long; stigma of 3 elongate lobes. Fruits globose or bilobed, about 3.5 cm in diam. Embryo placed below middle line of seed. Eophyll bifid. (A.P. Keim and J. Dransfield. 2012) Editing by edric.

Prior to this publication (Essig 1980) Orania archboldiana was the only species known to have its leaflets arranged in more than one plane (A.P. Keim and J. Dransfield. 2012)/Palmweb.

Culture

Cold Hardiness Zone: 10b

Comments and Curiosities

Etymology: Genus name; Honors the early 19th century Crown Prince of the Netherlands, F.G.L. Willem van Nassau, Prince of Orange. Species name; After Richard Archbold, an entrepreneur who financed several botanical expeditions.

Conservation: Near Threatened (NT). The palm is known from seven different localities with a wide extent of occurrence but wherever it occurs, the vegetation is subject to extensive logging and disturbance from oil and gas extraction. (A.P. Keim and J. Dransfield. 2012)/Palmweb.



External Links

References

Phonetic spelling of Latin names by edric.

Special thanks to Geoff Stein, (Palmbob) for his hundreds of photos.

Special thanks to Palmweb.org, Dr. John Dransfield, Dr. Bill Baker & team, for their volumes of information and photos.

Glossary of Palm Terms; Based on the glossary in Dransfield, J., N.W. Uhl, C.B. Asmussen-Lange, W.J. Baker, M.M. Harley & C.E. Lewis. 2008. Genera Palmarum - Evolution and Classification of the Palms. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. All images copyright of the artists and photographers (see images for credits).

A.P. Keim and J. Dransfield. 2012. A monograph of the genus Orania (Arecaceae: Oranieae).


Many Special Thanks to Ed Vaile for his long hours of tireless editing and numerous contributions.

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